Modelagem e análise espacial da paisagem urbana de Divinópolis/MG

Abstract

Constructive densification, in particular those generated by verticalization, is a process that has intensified in medium-sized cities, even though generally concentrated in the central areas. This phenomenon is conducted by legal urbanistic coefficients and at a time when technology points towards intelligent and participatory urban planning, assessing its impact on the production of urban space, its consequences becomes increasingly relevant. In this context, we highlight the use of tools that enable its three-dimensional visualization and understanding, a new and expanding field in the Brazilian reality. Parametric Modeling stands out for translating coefficients into three-dimensional models and allows assessments of varied scenarios with dynamism and depth. Therefore, this paper aims to propose models of representation of constructive densification in the urban landscape of the central area of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The objective is to recognize and explore predictive models capable of alerting about the possibilities of urban legislation and to broaden the discussion about a new process of urban planning and management, through Geotechnologies and spatial representation employed in parametric modeling. Multicriteria analyzes were used for the spatialization of the constructive densification phenomenon and an autoregressive moving average model (ARIMA) for the prediction of the annual built volume in the city. Data for the models were collected in the cadastral sector of the city of Divinópolis, and for three-dimensional representation and translation of urban coefficients, the ESRI CityEngine software was used, a program that uses data and algorithms parameterization. In general, the predictions are compatible with current market logic and allow the visualization of processes such as excessive soil sealing, lack of effective clearances and landscape homogenization. Finally, the use of models in the visualization and spatialization of constructive densification proved to be an effective tool for urban landscape analysis. Also useful for the discussion of urban space production, as well as for the management and planning of the urban landscape, as regards possible changes to the Master Plans already prepared by the municipality, the Laws of Land Use and Occupation and the plans of territorial reordering.