Análise do desempenho térmico e eficiência energética: residência unifamiliar em adobe - Goiânia

Abstract

Throughout history, earth architecture has shown to be a valuable strategy when in search for a construction that is high energy-efficient, with low environmental impact and without compromising the health of its users, while also providing safety, pleasure and comfort. In spite of its countless advantages, the use of raw land as a constructive system should be evaluated in a case-by-case basis, considering its suitability to the climate of the site where it will be built and if the raw material is available. The RTQ-R (Regulamento Técnico da Qualidade – Residencial) was used as a tool to analyze the thermal and energy performance of a residential construction located in Goiânia, which presents the adobe as a main element on its vertical enclosure. It worked as a sample of the thermal behavior of land use in relation to local characteristics. That way, the methodology used is descriptive explanatory research; with a qualitative approach, using books, scientific projects, and documents, showing how construction impacts user and environmental health, deepening the knowledge on RTQ-R, relating the pros and cons of earth construction and featuring the local climate, as well as data collection about construction through projects, visitation and interviews between the architect and resident; and quantitative approach on the results by calculation and spreadsheets on PBE Edifica Residencial (2010). As a main result, it was found that the housing unit analyzed meets the regulation requirements reaching final classification A and the thermal performance analysis of the extended-stay environment enclosures, enables the verification of how strategies like the use of solar protection devices and the choice of the external wall color might imply in more comfort with less need to use refrigeration equipment. Thus, it is possible to say that a construction using soil as its main constructive system can, without giving up aesthetics and contemporaneity, contribute to a better quality of life to its residents, be less aggressive to the environment and have less energy consumption.