Análise multicritério dos custos e riscos associados à manutenção de vagões

Abstract

The strategic management of railcar maintenance is a critical aspect for railway concessionaires, since unnexpected failures compromise production and generate significant losses in financial health. This study presents an integrated methodology for asset maintenance management and planning. A multi-objective optimization model is implemented, considering the minimization of maintenance costs and predicted risks as the main goals, based on statistical estimates of the probability of failure and the expected economic impact of the failures. The problem is modeled using integer linear programming and an ε-Restricted approach is employed to obtain some Pareto-optimal solutions, which can be later subjected to decision making. The tool presents results that allow to identify how much is saved in risk when investing in more detailed maintenance. In addition, the proposed tool also provides a list containing which maintenance must be performed for each of the wagons in each of the years of the investment cycle. The proposed algorithm is tested on a set of real data from a railway transport company, through a comparative analysis between the results of the first year of planning and the the real scenario for the year 2019. This analysis allowed to explore the gains of the methodology when compared to the empirical method usually performed, identifying points of improvement in the processes of the company under study.