Análise de sistemas de armazenamento de energia com baterias em uma rede real de distribuição de energia em média tensão

Abstract

With the popularization of distributed photovoltaic generation (DGPV) and the consequent increase in the penetration of this type of source in distribution systems, several challenges such as the presence of reverse flow in the network, voltage rise and the phenomenon known as duck curve are appearing and changing the network operation mode. With battery energy storage technology having experienced rapid development in recent years, the use of battery energy storage systems (BESS) has become a viable alternative to mitigate the effects of high DGPV penetration into the distribution network, because it allows to move the energy produced in an instant to another later instant, and it is a possible source of reactive energy. Within this scenario, this master’s thesis proposes to analyze the potential benefits that the use of two SAEBs in a real distribution feeder can offer to the customer and the utility through a study based on simulations of power flow in the frequency domain. The studied feeder is located in Belo Horizonte - MG, and it is responsible for the energy supply of the Mineirão stadium and part of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, has a 1320 kWp DGPV unit and the planned installation of two BESS In order to carry out this study, the feeder was modeled based on data provided by the utility, and the quasi-static time series power flow simulation considering the presence of the two BESS with planned installation were performed using Open Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS) and Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB), with the behavior of loads over time modeled according to power measurements made by equipment allocated in the feeder. The potential use of SAEBs for voltage regulation, peak shaving, power smoothing and energy arbirtrage was studied. The results demonstrated that the use of BESS is benefical due to the ability to reduce technical losses, increase voltage levels, support load transfer and potential economic gains with energy arbitrage. However, the need for specific legislation was identified in order to make the use of SAEBs in the distribution network financially viable.