Formas de articulação para implementação de decisões em situação de crise: o caso do rompimento de barragem em Brumadinho, Minas Gerais

Abstract

On January 25, 2019, the collapse of the BI, B-IV and B-IV A iron ore tailings dams of the Córrego do Feijão Mine in the municipality of Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, resulted in 270 deaths, 11 disappearances, environmental, social. and economic impacts as well as a regional crisis. This, however, was not an isolated event in the Minas Gerais context, showing the importance of understanding crisis management measures and articulation in the search for solutions. In these, public and private competences overlap and there is complexity in the immediate definition of responsibilities, since it is an anthropic phenomenon arising from an economic activity, but with a direct impact on rights protected by the State, such as life, environment and guarantee of property. Despite the centrality of the public entity in the operationalization and the perception of the solution of the crisis as a materialization of the public interest, it is necessary to emphasize that the performance of this actor alone is not enough to adequately solve the implications of a crisis. Thus, the proposed study aims to analyze the implementation for resolution of demands in crisis situations, from the theory of crisis management, the notion of arrangements in the context of governance and the approach to implementation in the public sphere. The general objective of this work is to: analyze the interaction in the implementation of decisions in a crisis resulting from the collapse of the tailings dam in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais. The methodology adopted was the case study as proposed by Yin (2015), based on the content analysis of documents, interviews and records considering the method proposed by Bardin (2016). As the subject incident is a crisis with several facets and the theme of interest is quite specific, to ensure depth, it was necessary to prioritize some measures, with the implementation of rehabilitation actions being defined as cases: (i) Construction of the bridge in Alberto Flores Highway (LMG-813) – Action 1; (ii) Construction of a new water main to catch water on the Paraopeba River to supply the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (RMBH) – Action 2. The analysis highlighted the role of the Judiciary in conducting and managing crises through the conduction and promotion of composition, with emphasis on monitoring and the capacity to require adjustments as elements little analyzed in the literature. The relevance of technical advisors as dialogue facilitators with the ability to catalyze confidence in implementation was noted. This study indirectly contributes to the understanding of crisis scenarios that demand a quick response from the public authorities.