Variáveis psicossociais e o estudo da autoeficácia e da motivação em atletas paralímpicos: uma revisão narrativa de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Although the psychosocial approach of athletes has gained space in the sports scene, it is still an area of little study in the Paralympic context. Among psychosocial factors with possible relevance to this scenario, self-efficacy and motivation stand out. Such variables have a potential influence on the performance of Paralympic athletes, requiring attention during sports training. Objective: To review in a narrative way what is currently in the scientific literature on psychosocial factors of training, especially motivation and self-efficacy, within the context of Paralympic sport. Methodology: A search was carried out in the databases, platforms and electronic libraries SciELO, LILACS, PubMed and MEDLINE, from January to July, with the keywords "paralympic", "motivation", "self-efficacy", " psychosocial variables”. Were selected studies carried out with Paralympic athletes that addressed motivation and/or self-efficacy in the training and/or competition environments of these athletes. Results: 192 articles were found. After reading the titles, abstracts and texts in full, 7 articles were selected for the writing of this work. Conclusion: The study of psychosocial factors in Paralympic athletes is still incipient, especially with regard to the variables self-efficacy and motivation. There are few studies addressing this issue and valid instruments for evaluating such aspects are still rare. Self-efficacy and motivation, however, are relevant to the monitoring of Paralympic athletes, demonstrating a potential relationship with other training variables.