Parâmetros genéticos, dissimilaridade e desempenho per se em acessos de abóbora

Abstract

Pumpkin is very important in human and animal food, especially concerning family farms. The germplasm bank of vegetables of Universidade Federal de Viçosa (Federal University of Viçosa, UFV-BGH), Brazil, has several pumpkin accessions with wide genetic variability. All this genetic variability is of great importance for plant breeding. However, little is known about the true potential of BGH-UFV, because there are few scientific papers published with information on these accessions. The objective was to obtain information on genetic parameters, dissimilarity and performance of BGH-UFV pumpkin accessions. We evaluated 11 morphological descriptors of 55 accessions and three cultivars. The genetic parameters, expected gain with selection, phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations were estimated. For the dissimilarity study, the Tocher test was carried out and graphic dispersion of the canonical variables was evaluated. There was genetic variability among accessions, with a predominance of genetic effects over the environment. Higher gain selection for mass per fruit, plant appearance and location of the first male flower node are expected. The commercial cultivars Butternut and Tetsukabuto have excelled due to the lower mass per fruit and precocity of flowering, but they had the worst results in terms of phytosanitary aspect. There are negative correlation estimates between the phytosanitary aspect and growth habit, length and growth rate of the main stem, indicating that compact plants may have greater phytossanitary problems. Crossing accession BGH-7003 or cultivar Butternut with accessions BGH-1946 or BGH-7765 can generate progenies with potential for breeding.