Infecção do sítio cirúrgico em pacientes submetidos à amputação de membro inferior

Abstract

Introduction: Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is any infection that occurs as a complication of surgery, affecting tissues, organs or cavity manipulated. It is defined as systemic or localized condition resulting from adverse reactions to the presence of infectious agents or their toxins that were not present or in incubation period on admission in the healthcare environment. In the United States, about 16 million patients a year undergo surgical procedures and 2-5% of these patients develop ISC. In Brazil occupy the third position among all Related Infections in Health Care (IRAS), comprising from 14% to 16% in hospitalized patients. Considering the high rate of people with vascular complications and lower limb lesions that progress to amputation of the lower limbs that these patients are susceptible to infections, studies are needed to understand the factors associated with these infections. The Surgical Site Infection increase costs, prolong hospital stay, and interfere with the proper healing of the stump, rehabilitation and reintegration of these people in society. Objective : is to analyze the ISC related factors in patients after lower limb amputation. Methods: A study of non-concurrent cohort / descriptive retrospective will be held to describe the risk factors for SSI in patients undergoing amputation of lower limbs, in 2013. The location will be in the Public Hospital , Belo Horizonte / MG. To collect the data will be used the database for patients undergoing lower limb amputation Vascular Clinic provided by the Infection Control Committee (CCIH) of the study hospital. Results: Were analyzed 269 patients and the surgical site infection rate in patients undergoing lower limb amputation, was 9.6%.The surgery classification was crucial for surgical infection rate and other anesthetics, compared to the spinal also constituted a risk factor. The most frequent microorganism in this study, isolated in patients with surgical site infection was Klebsiella sp. Conclusion: Transfemoral and transtibial amputation and the use of other anesthetics in relation to Spinal anesthesia constituted risk factors for SSI in patients undergoing lower limb amputation.