Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) sob o olhar de diferentes atores em Nova Lima/MG: desafios, potencialidades e proposições com vistas à inclusão produtiva de agricultores familiares com segurança sanitária para uma vida escolar saudável.

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyse how the purchase and sale of family farming products for the Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) [National School Feeding Programme] is carried out in the municipality of Nova Lima/Minas Gerais/Brazil. This research has been developed with a view to the possibilities of productive inclusion with sanitary security for a healthy school life, given that one of the challenges for the family farmer is meeting the requirements of sanitary legislation, which is crucial for the increase and qualification of their production. This process allows access to public policies developed for this segment of production, focusing mainly on the access of family farmers to the school feeding market within the limits of Law 11,947/2009, according to which a minimum of 30% of the resources earmarked for purchase of school meals should be used in foodstuffs from family farming. Thus, the characteristics of the municipal management actions in the purchase of family farming products for school meals were made explicit. It was also verified whether this purchase has included the acquisition of food from local family farmers. The qualitative approach adopted used semi-structured interviews following the comprehensive approach of Kaufmann (2013) as instrument of data collection. Interviews were conducted with the social agents involved in the PNAE of Nova Lima, namely: nutritionists from the Municipal Department of Education; members of the municipality's Conselho de Alimentação Escolar (CAE) [School Feeding Council]; family farmers from Nova Lima who have the PRONAF (DAP) [Rural Producer Aptitude Declaration] and are closer to being able to participate in the PNAE public calls; representatives of the Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural de Minas Gerais (EMATER/MG) [Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Company of Minas Gerais] who were from Nova Lima; representatives of the State Sanitary Surveillance through their sanitary inspectors and members of the Food Board of the State of Minas Gerais. Qualitative and quantitative research data were collected through semi-structured interviews and verified with the Content Analysis Technique proposed by Bardin (2004). Document selection for this research was based on document analyses related to the functioning of the PNAE of Nova Lima between 2011 and 2019. This investigation also provides a brief indication of some changes imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic in the PNAE acquisition of food from family farming, following the suspension of school meals due to the closing of public schools during the pandemic. The educational product presented is an infographic, in which we will briefly describe the main challenges of the PNAE and how to develop more focused and effective actions in this programme to face the problems encountered. This way of disseminating the research will make it possible to understand the relevance of the survey of needs presented by the community involved both to identify the real existing problems and for their remarks that can intervene in a way that allows for the maintenance and better quality in the execution of the programme, especially in the acquisition of products from the local family farming. The infographic will make it possible to think about the research results and propose alternatives for the strengthening of family farming in the school feeding market from a municipal perspective.