Desvio Portossitemico extra-hepático congênitos em cão corrigido com anel ameróide – relato de caso

Abstract

A portosystemic shunt is an abnormal communication between the portal venous system and the systemic circulation. This deviation allows potential toxins from the gastrointestinal tract, mainly ammonia, to cause systemic changes related mainly to the digestive, central nervous and urinary systems, in addition to preventing the arrival of hepatotrophic factors from the portal blood in the liver, causing underdevelopment of this organ. The shunt has different classifications, the main types being extrahepatic or intrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunts, as well as multiple acquired shunts. This condition occurs mainly in small dogs and clinical signs appear more frequently in the first years of life. The diagnosis is based on clinical signs, laboratory changes and imaging tests. Treatment can be conservative or surgical, the latter promoting greater benefits for the animal in the long term. This study aims to review the pathophysiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis and possible forms of treatment, as well as to report a case of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt in a dog.