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Tipo:	Artigo de Periódico
Título:	Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016
Autor(es):	Christophertroeger Zegeye Abebe Reginald Quansah Rajesh Kumar Rai Saleem m Rana Chhabi Lal Ranabhat Sarah e Ray Mohammad Sadegh Rezai George Mugambage Ruhago Saeid Safiri Joshua a Salomon Brigette Blacker Olatunde Aremu Ephrem Tsegay Asfaw Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom Tesfay Mehari Atey Engi Farouk Attia Euripide Frinel g Arthur Avokpaho Henok Tadesse Ayele Tambe Betrand Ayuk Kalpana Balakrishnan Stephanie r m Zimsen Aleksandra Barac Ibrahim a Khalil Quique Bassat Masoud Behzadifar Meysam Behzadifar Soumyadeep Bhaumik Zulfiqar a Bhutta Ali Bijani Michael Brauer Alexandria Brown Hamid Yimam Hassen Paulo a m Camargos Carlos a Castañeda-orjuela Puja c Rao Danny Colombara Sara Conti Abel Fekadu Dadi Lalit Dandona Rakhi Dandona Huyen Phuc do Eleonora Dubljanin Mohammad t Hedayati Dumessa Edessa Hajer Elkout Aman Yesuf Endries Jackie Cao Daniel Obadare Fijabi Kyle j Foreman Mohammad h Forouzanfar Nancy Fullman Alberto l Garcia-basteiro Bradford d Gessner Mohsen Heidari Peter w Gething Rahul Gupta Tarun Gupta Gessessew Bugssa Hailu Desalegn Tsegaw Hibstu Nobuyuki Horita Olayinka s Ilesanmi Mihajlo b Jakovljevic Amr a Jamal Amaha Kahsay Benn Sartorius Amir Kasaeian Samuel b Albertson Dessalegn Haile Kassa Yousef Saleh Khader Ejaz Ahmad Khan md Nuruzzaman Khan Young-ho Khang Yun Jin Kim Niranjan Kissoon Luke d Knibbs Ifedayo Morayo o Adetifa Sonali Kochhar Parvaiz a Koul Aniruddha Deshpande g Anil Kumar Rakesh Lodha Hassan Magdy Abd el Razek Deborah Carvalho Malta Joseph l Mathew Desalegn Tadese Mengistu Haftay Berhane Mezgebe Miloje Savic Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad Mohammed a Mohammed Fatemeh Momeniha Tamer Farag Srinivas Murthy Cuong Tat Nguyen Katie r Nielsen Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum Yirga Legesse Nirayo Eyal Oren Monika Sawhney Justin r Ortiz Mahesh pa Maarten j Postma Mostafa Qorbani Jun She Aziz Sheikh Mekonnen Sisay Shiferaw Mika Shigematsu Jasvinder a Singh Ranjani Somayaji Jeffrey d Stanaway Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan Tara Ballav Adhikari Getachew Redae Taffere Mohamad-hani Temsah Matthew j Thompson Ruoyan Tobe-gai Roman Topor-madry Bach Xuan Tran Tung Thanh Tran Kald Beshir Tuem Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja Stein Emil Vollset Mohammed Akibu Judd l Walson Fitsum Weldegebreal Andrea Werdecker t Eoin West Naohiro Yonemoto Maysaa el Sayed Zaki Lei Zhou Sanjay Zodpey Theo Vos Mohsen Naghavi Faris Hasan al Lami Stephen s Lim Ali h Mokdad Christopher j l Murray Simon i Hay Robert c Reiner Ayman Al-eyadhy Nelson Alvis-guzman Azmeraw t Amare Yaw Ampem Amoako Carl Abelardo t Antonio
Resumo:	Background Lower respiratory infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study 2016, provides an up-to-date analysis of the burden of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries. This study assesses cases, deaths, and aetiologies spanning the past 26 years and shows how the burden of lower respiratory infection has changed in people of all ages.Methods We used three separate modelling strategies for lower respiratory infections in GBD 2016: a Bayesian hierarchical ensemble modelling platform (Cause of Death Ensemble model), which uses vital registration, verbal autopsy data, and surveillance system data to predict mortality due to lower respiratory infections; a compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR), which uses scientific literature, population representative surveys, and health care data to predict incidence, prevalence, and mortality; and modelling of counterfactual estimates of the population attributable fraction of lower respiratory infection episodes due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus. We calculated each modelled estimate for each age, sex, year, and location. We modelled the exposure level in a population for a given risk factor using DisMod-MR and a spatio temporal Gaussian process regression, and assessed the effectiveness of targeted interventions for each risk factor in children younger than 5 years. We also did a decomposition analysis of the change in LRI deaths from 2000–16 using the risk factors associated with LRI in GBD 2016.Findings In 2016, lower respiratory infections caused 652 572 deaths (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 586 475–720 612) in children younger than 5 years (under-5s), 1 080 958 deaths (943 749–1 170 638) in adults older than 70 years, and 2 377 697 deaths (2 145 584–2 512 809) in people of all ages, worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the leading cause of lower respiratory infection morbidity and mortality globally, contributing to more deaths than all other aetiologies combined in 2016 (1 189 937 deaths, 95% UI 690 445–1 770 660). Childhood wasting remains the leading risk factor for lower respiratory infection mortality among children younger than 5 years, responsible for 61·4% of lower respiratory infection deaths in 2016 (95% UI 45·7–69·6). Interventions to improve wasting, household air pollution, ambient particulate matter pollution, and expanded antibiotic use could avert one under-5 death due to lower respiratory infection for every 4000 children treated in the countries with the highest lower respiratory infection burden.Interpretation Our findings show substantial progress in the reduction of lower respiratory infection burden, but this progress has not been equal across locations, has been driven by decreases in several primary risk factors, and might require more effort among elderly adults. By highlighting regions and populations with the highest burden, and the risk factors that could have the greatest effect, funders, policy makers, and programme implementers can more effectively reduce lower respiratory infections among the world’s most susceptible populations.
Assunto:	Saúde Coletiva Infecções respiratórias Epidemiologia
Idioma:	eng
País:	Brasil
Editor:	Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Sigla da Instituição:	UFMG
Departamento:	ENF - DEPARTAMENTO DE ENFERMAGEM MATERNO INFANTIL E SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Tipo de Acesso:	Acesso Aberto
Identificador DOI:	10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30310-4
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/1843/52322
Data do documento:	2018
metadata.dc.url.externa:	https://doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30310-4
metadata.dc.relation.ispartof:	Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem
Aparece nas coleções:	Artigo de Periódico

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