Monitoramento de variantes do Sars-Cov-2 e da manifestação Clínica da Covid-19 em Betim – Minas Gerais

Abstract

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging outbreak caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). This virus has caused a worldwide pandemic, with growing numbers of alarming deaths, with a total of 695,196,659 confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide and 6.8 million deaths. Brazil is the Latin American country with the highest number of coronavirus deaths. The monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the clinical manifestation of COVID-19 in Betim - Minas Gerais was proposed, through material collected from nasopharyngeal swab. Results: There was no statistically significant relationship between gender and the year of contamination by COVID in the sample from Betim-MG. Regarding the symptoms tested, there was a statistically significant association between the years tested and all the symptoms tested. There was an association between the following conditions and the years tested: pneumonia, chronic cardiovascular disease, obesity, chronic liver disease, diabetes, hypertension, transplanted patients, oncological disease, presence of comorbidity and need for hospitalization. There was also an association between the disease variant and the year of contamination. In the comparison by variant, a statistically significant association was observed between the tested variants and: median age, fever, dyspnea, respiratory distress, headache, presence of chronic neurological disease, chronic cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, oncological disease, presence of comorbidity or risk criteria, hospitalization and the median interval between symptoms and hospitalization, as well as the detection phase of the disease. Conclusion: with the monitoring of the variants and their clinical manifestations, it was possible to perceive a change in the symptomatological picture of the disease. In addition to symptomatological variations, it is important to record and monitor the population with previous comorbidities, since their presence implies worsening and even greater number of deaths from COVID-19. Thus, it is important to have a differentiated clinical view of these individuals, reinforcing the importance of epidemiological information on the population, special attention to disease prevention and control, and the uninterrupted treatment of illnesses. Results such as those found in this study can help build public policies, based on evidence, to face new respiratory diseases.