O evento de violência urbana e o serviço de emergência SUS: profissionais de saúde diante da dor do usuário

Abstract

The understanding of the violence interference in the organisational dynamics of the emergency health services is quite complex. It is observed that in no other service, the violence acquires such visibility and constancy, embedded to the specific work process of the emergency service and the relationship between health professionals and users. In this study, we sought to know among health professionals, regulated by a system of rules of their own, and by social and institutional rules that interfere with their professional practice, the way they see and react to the pain of physical and emotional trauma, from the suffering of the other person disguised in something common in the daily life of the emergency service, as well as to understand the sense attributed by them to the humanization of care. The study is based on the theory of Pierre Bourdieu (2008, 2010), which discusses how symbolic power imposes itself in the health area, and Hannah Arendt, who deals with the banalization of violence in society (2015). The qualitative approach was used, through a structured interview. The data collection was performed at the Maria Amélia Lins Hospital, João XXIII Emergency Hospital and Odilon Behrens Municipal Hospital, specialised in polytrauma patients – reference units in the care of victims of maxillofacial trauma in Belo Horizonte– MG. The research sample consisted of buccomaxillofacial surgeons from the hospital emergency service, who agreed to participate in the study. The data was submitted to thematic content analysis. The study allowed us to identify that health professionals are not immune to the experience of violence in cases assisted in the work process, which leads to their suffering in the face of physical and emotional trauma, the pain of the other. It was evidenced that to support the pain of the other person; health professionals adopt a stance of defence, impartiality, or even the annihilation of the capacity for action to confront violence which imposes to the victims of violence a medical model that denies the prerogatives of the subject, the interruption with a humanised care. It is in the formation process of the institutions and health professionals that values and attitudes of respect for human life can be rooted, indispensable for the consolidation and support of a new culture of health care.