Avaliação do monitoramento de água subterrânea em poços tubulares na região de entorno da área de proteção ambiental Carste de Lagoa Santa

Abstract

The presented dissertation aims to monitor the behavior of groundwater levels in the hydrogeological compartments of the Environmental Protection Area of Karst of Lagoa Santa region, which is of great environmental importance. The study area is located in several municipalities, including Vespasiano, Pedro Leopoldo, Confins, Lagoa Santa, Matozinhos, Funilândia, and Prudente de Morais, and covers the entire APA Lagoa Santa. The region has a complex network of underground conduits, structurally controlled, which are of great speleological interest. By installing 16 total pressure transducers and 5 barometric pressure transducers, this study monitored 16 inactive monitoring wells and assessed variations in groundwater levels with the purpose of comprehending the behavior of potentiometric surfaces within the hydrogeological compartments present in the area of interest. The monitoring spanned three hydrological years, from April 2018 to May 2021. Data surveys were conducted on a monthly basis, whenever feasible. The monitored wells are situated in carbonate rocks of the Sete Lagoas Formation and rocks from the basement of the Belo Horizonte Complex.The study monitored sixteen tubular wells and evaluated the variations in groundwater levels to understand the behavior of the potentiometric surfaces of the hydrogeological compartments. The results show that the groundwater levels in the study area are influenced by several factors, such as rainfall, evapotranspiration, and human activities. The potentiometric surfaces of the hydrogeological compartments were mapped, and it was observed that the groundwater flow direction is from the west to the east of the study area. The study highlights the importance of monitoring groundwater levels to support the management of water resources in the region and suggests the need for further research to better understand the factors that influence the groundwater levels and to develop strategies to mitigate the impacts of human activities on the groundwater resources. The study provides valuable information about the behavior of groundwater levels in the hydrogeological compartments of the study area, which can be used to support the management of water resources in the region.