Mapeamento dos alunos da Educação Especial na Educação do Campo em Minas Gerais - um estudo censitário (2014-2020)

Abstract

The present study carried out a census investigation from 2014 to 2020, using microdata obtained by the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP), in order to carry out a mapping of Special Education enrollments in Rural Education in the state from Minas Gerais. Additionally, the study set out to identify the situation of rural schools in the state, with regard to accessibility, infrastructure, multifunctional rooms and the territory in which they are located, as well as verify the enrollment of Special Education students, based on the sex, color/race and teaching modality. The theoretical bases used include Historical-Critical Pedagogy, Historical-Cultural Psychology and the critical and philosophical approach of Historical-Dialetic Materialism (MHD). The methodolo gy used consisted of data processing using SPSS software, with an emphasis on statistical and interpretative analysis. To support the discussion, the document "Diretrizes da Educação do Campo do Estado de Minas Gerais" was used, published in 2015, considering the analysis of data prior to this time frame (2014) and subsequent ones (2015 to 2020). This focus contributed to the observation and understanding of the reality of Special Education in Rural Education in Minas Gerais. It was observed that enrollment of students in Special Education in Rural Education remained relatively stable throughout the period studied, without significant variations in growth or reduction after the implementation of the guidelines in 2015. Therefore, it is concluded that School structures showed a specific improve ment in certain areas, such as bathrooms inside the buildings, supply of drinking water and electricity. However, some improvements were not systemic, as accessibility within school spaces still presents specific flaws.