A influência da mobilidade articular e da estabilidade global no desempenho do atleta

Abstract

Introduction: The theory of biotensegrity emphasizes that the integration of the musculoskeletal system is composed of a dynamic network of tension forces that allow a transmission of mechanical forces along the kinetic chain, which is fundamental to the stability, mobility and success of human movement. For good joint stability it is crucial to acquire information from the mechanoreceptors present in muscles, ligaments, tendons and joint capsules. And along with joint mobility, which is defined by the degrees of freedom of the joints, allows the adaptation and execution of a wide range of movements necessary for sports performance, while global stability coordinates these movements in a controlled manner optimizing the efficiency of movement, the movement, the which presumes the existence of the interdependence between mobility and stability for safe and effective execution in the sports context. Objective: To review the literature on the relation between joint mobility and overall stability in sports performance. Methods: This is a literature review, carried out using the PUBMED, /Medline, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and SciELO databases, searched electronically between May 2023 and November 2023. Results: Sixteen studies were analyzed, originating from a sample of n = 863 athletes from different categories, aged 13 to 50 years, among the articles that were categorized according to sex, obtaining a total of 276 female athletes and 390 male athletes. Recreational, school, university and professional athletes from different modalities were included, namely Handball 16.11% (n = 139), Basketball 13.9% (n = 120), Tennis 10.31% (n = 89), Football 10.2% (n = 88), Volleyball 9.73% (n = 84), Rugby 7.3% (n = 63), Netball 4.52% (n = 39), Baseball 6.03% (n = 52), Runners 6.03% (n = 52), university basketball with unspecified modality 13.67% (n = 118) and basketball with unspecified modality 2.2% (n = 9). Among these studies, it was observed that in 87.5% (n=14) there was a relationship between the tests applied for mobility and stability and the tests used to analyze the athletes' sports performance, identified through the analysis of the mean significance presented in each article (p=0.012) and the mean of the correlations obtained in the weighted articles (r=0.488 and r=-0.445). Conclusion: It is concluded that there is an association between global stability and the performance of athletes, since the articles that make up this review demonstrated that there is a relationship between better scores in stability tests and better results in tests related to sports performance, as well as the influence of mobility on the biomechanics of the tests, sports movements and risk of injury.