Instrumentos para identificar o risco de sarcopenia em idosos da comunidade: uma análise narrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disease with accelerated loss of muscle mass and strength with reduced physical performance in the elderly. It compromises the health condition of the elderly, which limits their daily activities, social and family participation and even more important points: quality of life and functional independence. Objective: Analyze and discuss, through a narrative review, which instruments are proposed to identify the risk of sarcopenia in elderly people in the community. Methods: The studies included were systematic reviews, epidemiological and observational studies, and randomized clinical trials published in the last 10 years on sarcopenia assessment tools. In English and Portuguese. All articles must present the theme of sarcopenia assessment tools, community-dwelling elderly people over 60 years of age and independent people. Results: 268 studies were found, which brought together elderly people of both sexes over 60 years of age and community residents, in the databases: PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane and PEDro. For selection, titles and abstracts were read. and of the texts together with the author, 220 were excluded due to duplication, 48 were relevant to the present study, but 31 were excluded because they were not related to the objectives of this study. Of these, after reading the abstracts and all in full, we discussed the screening instruments to identify the risk of sarcopenia in the elderly in the community, four articles met the criteria according to the EWGSOP to compose the narrative review, namely: 4 of Cross-sectional studies are literature reviews. Conclusion: In the researched literature, it concluded that the instruments for screening sarcopenia in the elderly have a heterogeneity in screening sarcopenia. According to the Sarcopenia consensus recommends the SARC-F but it has low accuracy and low sensitivity for sarcopenia screening, with the incorporation of the two anthropometric measurements CP and CB (SARC-CalF+AC) notably improves the screening questionnaire of sarcopenia (Siemaszko et al 2023). Therefore, in order to screen sarcopenia in community-dwelling elderly people, physical performance must be assessed using MV tests and TUG and muscle strength using HGS would be more suitable for screening sarcopenia in elderly people.