Progressão da doença renal crônica: fatores de risco e medidas preventivas

Abstract

Epidemiological studies have shown a significant increase in the incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the terminal stage. Since this is a morbidity characterized by a progressive and insidious quality of service offered to patients at risk of developing the disease is extremely important in the outcome of it. The aim of this study was to describe risk factors and preventive measures related to the progression of chronic kidney disease. For such a narrative review was carried out from reading and discussion of information extracted from selected articles about the risk factors related to progression of CKD and its prevention in populations at risk of developing it. The literature search was conducted in the databases Lilacs, PubMed and Scielo using descriptors such as chronic renal failure, prevention, risk factors, kidney disease, diabetes and hypertension. Poor control of blood pressure levels, glucose and lipid as well as smoking and obesity are factors in the evolution of the disease. Addition, there are also early diagnosis and referral to the specialist in a timely manner. In conclusion, it is therefore up to primary care through the use of protocol (for the standardization of care / assistance), the development of actions for the promotion and prevention, including in conjunction with secondary care, not only in meeting the patients at risk (hypertension and diabetes, for example), but also those in early stages of the disease and thus reverse the current context of chronic renal failure.