Marcadores inflamatórios TNF- , IL- 6 E IL-10, após atividade física de alta intensidade em adultos jovens: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Cytokines are a heterogeneous group of low molecular weight proteins that can be stimulated by physiological and / or pathological agents, responsible for regulating and modulating immune responses. They are inflammatory mediators that function as a complex signaling language, being pro or anti-inflammatory. Thus, cytokines control the intensity and duration of the inflammatory process. Physical exercise affects various components of the immune system. Exercises performed with moderate intensity may reduce the risk of infection, while those of high intensity may increase the risk of infections through inadequate modulations of the immune system. On the other hand, the literature has recommended that moderate-intensity exercises stimulate a pro-inflammatory response; high-intensity styles tend to promote anti-inflammatory responses in order to reduce skeletal muscle damage. Considering the association of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines with physical exercise, the objective of the current study was to verify changes in plasma levels of cytokines after high-intensity exercise in young adults. The review of the literature was carried out using the following descriptors and their combinations: cytokine, physical activity, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10, and exercise. The articles included after applying the exclusion criteria reported increased plasma levels of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF- shortly after high-intensity exercise in young people. Considering the data presented, we conclude that physical activity is a modulator of inflammatory mediators. Being that the intensity and duration of the activity are directly related to the post-training inflammatory response. The initial pro-inflammatory response is immediately controlled by the increase of IL-6 and TNF- cytokines, inducing the release of IL-10.