Efeito do exercício aeróbico agudo nos níveis séricos de fator neurotróficoderivado do cérebro (BDNF) e de seu precursor (proBDNF), interleucina 6 (IL-6)e receptores solúveis de fator de necrose tumoral (sTNFR1 e sTNFR2) em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson

Abstract

Changes in the levels of neurotrophic factors and inflammatory mediators have been associated to beneficial effects caused by physical exercise, acute or chronic. Whereas Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological, chronic and progressive disease, the exercise should be seen as an important tool in the rehabilitation process. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the level of physical activity and the an acute session of aerobic exercise (30 minutes on the treadmill at moderate intensity) influence serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor (proBDNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor alpha (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2), in individuals with PD and controls. The study was conducted at the Centro de Especialidades Médicas da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte. Participants were evaluated in their cognitive and affective function and physical activity level. For the PD group, information about the severity and stage of disease were also obtained. Peripheral blood was collected before and after the exercise. Thirty individuals with PD (63,8±9,9 years) and 17 control individuals (63,9±8,6 years) participated in the study. There was a statistically significan difference in the basal levels of sTNFR1 (p=0.027) and sTNFR2 (p<0.001) between the groups. The physical exercise induced changes in the serum levels of proBDNF(p<0.001), BDNF (p=0.046), IL-6 (p<0.001), sTNFR1 (p<0.001) e sTNFR2 (p=.009) in PD group. For the control group, there was a change in the levels of proBDNF (p=0.002), BDNF (p<0.001) and sTNFR1 (p=0.009). The increase in BDNF after exercise is well described in the literature, what is considered positive because of it neuroprotective effect. The increase in IL-6 levels may be associated with repetitive muscle contractions necessary during the treadmill exercise. The increase in levels of sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 may be implicated in the modulation of inflammatory response due to the overhead required for aerobic exercise. Our findings indicate that PD patients are able to respond to exercise, showing its beneficial effect on these individuals and it could be proposed as a tool to improve clinical intervention in thsi population.