O potencial da informação geográfica voluntária como suporte à democracia no planejamento e gestão territorial

Abstract

This thesis addresses crowdsourcing applied to urban planning. The Brazilian legislative framework points to the inclusion of the citizen in the process of decision and territorial management thus social media opens opportunities for investigations in applications known as Social Media Geographic Information (SMGI). The use of these information seeks to support the role of the urban planner as a decoder of collective values in the participatory decision-making process. The thesis main research object is about the democratic citizen inclusion method in the urban planning process, using the new communication technologiesfrom social media. The confirmed hypothesis is that it is possible to include the citizen in the support of urban planning through the identification of collective values using the new technologies derived from volunteer geographic information. The case studies' organization is carried out through the course of the data generation, systematization of the data, and the information deployment to reach collective knowledge. The thesis presents a crowdsourcing framework through a evolution of Geographic Information Systems parallel. The four case studies cover approaches of active SMGI, passive SMGI data systematization, use of passive SMGI in urban planning, and finally verifies the conditions of a participatory planning approach (using geodesign) combining a face-to-face approach with online validation through popular vote. The conclusion analyzes the new technologies related to Volunteered Geographic Information that favor the collective value identification