Dor perioperatória em animais de companhia: fisiopatológia, avaliação e controle

Abstract

Pain can be defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with real or potential injury. Pain can be considered a physiological response or a pathological process and when left untreated, causes multiple deleterious effects to the body. A basic knowledge about the pathophysiology of pain, clinical manifestations, as well as the methods of classification used in veterinary medicine and analgesic therapies are importance to control pain. Analgesia can be provided through use of different drugs such as opioids and NSAIDs, local anesthetics, supporting drugs and complementary methods such as acupuncture and physiotherapy. Given the importance of the subject and its extent, the purpose of this review is to provide subsidy for better identification and understanding of the mechanisms of pain, including its assessment and the main therapies used in order to obtain greater efficiency in pain control at small animal clinics.