Contribution of deaths from precipitation-sensitive diseases for the change in the Brazilian life expectancy from 2000 to 2009
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
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This study examines the relationship between extreme weather events and public health, focusing on variations in mortality due to precipitation-sensitive diseases across different homoclimatic zones in Brazil from 2000 to 2019. Characterized by its climatic diversity and regional inequalities, Brazil faces significant challenges related to the impacts of climate change on public health. Based on zone with similar climatic conditions, the study employs the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) to define control groups for each homoclimatic zone. Then, life tables are estimated for each selected causes of death and then differences in life expectancies from 2000 to 2019 are decomposed for the zones and their control groups based on the Horiuchi, Wilmoth, and Pletcher decomposition. Results indicate fluctuations in life expectancy at birth among the studied zones and their respective control groups, with notable differences between genders and over time. The decomposition reveals the specific contributions of different age groups and genders to the variations in life expectancy, for instance, women in the Central-South Excess Precipitation Zone show larger positive contributions from younger age groups, with the highest single age group contribution at approximately 0.568, indicating substantial improvements in conditions affecting early life stages. Conversely, men's contributions, though positive, were generally lower, with a maximum contribution of 0.408. The study highlights the complexity of the interactions between climatic conditions and health, underlining the need for public policies and adaptation strategies that consider the specificities of each homoclimatic zone to enhance the resilience of populations to climatic extremes.
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Saúde Pública, Mudança Climática, Brasil, Doenças, Expectativa de Vida
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https://proceedings.science/encontro-abep/abep-2024/trabalhos/contribution-of-deaths-from-precipitation-sensitive-diseases-for-the-change-in-t?lang=pt-br