Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para análise de desempenho de máquinas elétricas

Abstract

The development of open-source tools enhances accessibility and flexibility, contributing to technological innovation and knowledge sharing. For the performance analysis of rotating electric machines, there is still limited availability of open-source solutions. This scenario presents an opportunity to contribute to the scientific community focused on the design of these machines, addressing existing gaps. In this context, this work presents the development of an open-source computational tool to evaluate the performance of permanent magnet electric machines through efficiency maps. For the electromagnetic analysis, a finite element method open-source software is employed. The developed model solves magnetostatic problems using the sliding band method and symmetry conditions, enabling the calculation of magnetic flux density, magnetic vector potential, and electromagnetic torque under different machine operating conditions. Efficiency is estimated based on loss calculations through empirical and analytical models, considering losses in the iron core, permanent magnets, and copper windings. Three topologies of permanent magnet machines are analyzed, including surface-mounted and interior configurations, and the results are compared with those generated by a commercial software. For the simulation, a control model based on direct-quadrature (dq) axis currents is implemented for different current levels and multiple rotor positions. The results indicate discrepancies between the proposed model and the commercial tool, mainly attributed to differences in loss calculation models. However, despite these differences, the average distributed losses show good agreement between both approaches, and the loss curves present similar trends, highlighting the potential of the proposed methodology.