Fatores que influenciam no aparecimento de úlcera por pressão nos pacientes internados na unidade de terapia intensiva

Abstract

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is considered one of the most tense, aggressive and traumatizing hospital environments. It develops intensive and hostile treatments that facilitate the appearance of complications such as pressure ulcers. Hospitalized patients in ICU are more likely to develop pressure ulcer by being exposed to multiple risk factors. However, there is a lack of consensus on the most important factors for the development of pressure ulcers in these patients. Given this, we opted for an integrative review of literature in the databases LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE and COCHRANE, in the period from 2005 to 2012, with the objective of identifying the factors related to the development of pressure ulcers in adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit. As a result of this review, it can be concluded that relevant publications on the subject are scarce and the risk factors related to the appearance of pressure ulcer are multiples and are not common in all studies as expected, there is a multiple causes of factors and conditions during hospitalization. Therefore, further studies will be needed with a better level of evidence and using the same form of identification of the risk factors.