Estudo fitoquímico e da atividade biológica de Banisteriopsis anisandra (A. Juss) B. Gates e síntese de amidas indólicas para avaliação da atividadealelopática

Abstract

This work is divided into two chapters. In the first chapter is reported thephytochemical study of the roots and leaves of Banisteriopsis anisandra, a plant used in folk medicine for topical treatment of fungal infections. To date, were not found in the literature any phytochemical study or evaluation of biological activities of this species. From leaves of B. anisandra were isolated a mixture of hydrocarbons (F1), palmitic acid (F2), lupeol (F3) and quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside (F4). From roots, wereisolated a mixture of hydrocarbons (R1), -sitosteryl oleate (R2), friedelin (R3), 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-9 10-diidrophenanthrene-1-carbaldehyde (R4), 2-hydroxy-6 ,8-dimethoxy-7-methyl-9 ,10-diidrophenanthrene-1-carbaldehyde (R5), -sitosterol (R6), a mixture of -sitosterol and stigmasterol (R7), 2,8 -dihydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methyl-9 ,10-diidrophenanthrene-1-carbaldehyde (R8) 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (R9), and mixture of friedelin and lupenone (lupane-20 (29)-en-3 -one) (R10), oleic acid (R11), and mixture of glochidonol, oleic acid and -sitosterol (R12). It is worth it to say that R4, R5 and R8 are described for the first time. Following, are presented the results of biological activity of extracts, fractions and/or isolated compounds from B. anisandra: antioxidant activity, allelopathic activity, antibacterial activity, antifungal activity and cytotoxic activity. The second chapter describes the preparation of four amide derivatives ofindole-2-carboxylic acid and indole-3-carboxylic acid with aniline and 3,4,5-trimethoxy-aniline (22, 24, 26 e 27), to be tested for their allelopathic activity on the growth and germination of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) and Allium cepa (onion). One of these amides is new (24) and to none of them are reports of their allelopathic activity.