Perfil bacteriológico das infecções das úlceras de perna e exames realizados: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Leg ulcers are located below the patella, the foot included. Infection of leg ulcers is a public health challenge. Infection is the bacterial multiplication in deeper tissues of the lesion with immune response. The aims are to characterize the primary studies regarding leg ulcer infection in terms of authorship and methodological aspects, to estimate the infection rate of patients with leg ulcers treated by primary or home service, to identify the prevalent bacteria responsible for the infection and the tests performed for its detection. This is an integrative review study involving articles related to leg ulcer with infection in primary or home service. The search took place from 4 to 14 January 2019, from LILACS, IBECS, CUMED, CNAHL e MEDLINE databases. The result of this review is based on the analysis of 43 articles. The majority of studies are Indian (18,60%), Brazilian (16,27%), in English (86,04%), from Medline database (67,44%). Staphilococus aureus is the most prevalent bacterium (65,11%), the most employed technique was the swab (46,51%), most frequently, ulcers etiology is diabetic (67,44%). This integrative literature review confirms the importance of understanding bactéria to infection healing, quick healing process and decrease the indiscriminate use of antibiotics.