Doação de órgãos de potenciais doadores: fatores que influenciam na decisão dos familiares

Abstract

Introduction: The shortage of organs for transplantation has become a progressive problem worldwide because of the imbalance between supply and demand. The decision of the family in the process of organ donation is the primary factor in improving rates of organ procurement and transplantation. Therefore it is necessary to an effective approach with relatives of the individual potential donor organ. For this it is essential to understand factors that influence the decision of the family. Objective: To identify factors that influences the decision of the family at the time of the approach to organ donation. Method: The method of choice for the study was an integrative review of research literature. Results: We identified 13 published studies that addressed the period 1998 to 2010, most of them in Portuguese. The main factors influencing the family at the time of the approach to organ donation of a potential donor family were: no difficulty understanding and accepting the diagnosis of BD (46%), clarification of doubts with relatives (31%), professionals trained in the care of potential donors and their relatives (31%), cultural factors (23%), fear of body mutilation (23%), unfamiliarity with the wishes of the family to donate their organs (23%), religious restrictions (15 %) Conclusion: Professionals trained to work with relatives when the approach to organ donation and the family for the care of the person, the potential donor, preservation of to be donated and education campaigns for the general for organ transplantation.