Avaliação de diversidade endofítica em plantas de soja (Glycine max) submetidas a condições de elevados CO2 atmosférico e temperatura.

Abstract

Among the great environmental changes of the planet confirmed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2014) are the uncontrolled enhancements of the carbon dioxide (CO2) on the atmosphere and the concomitant global temperature raise, and these will have substantial implications on the vegetable development and between the relations with their associated endophytic fungi. In this study we evaluate the endophytic fungi composition from one of the major world crops of agricultural interest, soybean (Glycine max), through the use of biomolecular techniques to identify part of the genera isolated from the endophytic mycota. Modified soy plants (Glycine max, BRS-MG 760S EMBRAPA variety) were submitted to different treatments simulating both elevated CO2 atmospheric concentration and temperature. From a provided sampling of 22 morfotaxons of endophytic fungi, 14 were identified in this study, based on the sequencing of the rRNA subunits ITS regions. The identified taxons were: Aspergillus sp., Candida sp., Chaetomium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Preussia sp., Pseudocercospora sp. and Xylareaceae sp.. The phylogenetic analyses performed to the fungi of cited taxons identified a split tendency by soy plants treatment. The high atmospheric CO2 and temperature substantially modified the soy plants endophytic mycota, and the results suggest the occurrence of species substitutions as consequences to these environmental changes. Such modifications may imply in serious host plant physiologic and metabolic profile changes, leading to unpredictable environmental and ecological impacts in the most diverse levels.