Fatores de risco para o primeiro episódio de dor lombar

Abstract

Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal disorders in almost all populations and about 60-80% of people report to present this dysfunction at some point in life. Health care systems should adopt more effective treatment strategies and affordable to deal with this dysfunction. Primary prevention is a potentially effective approach, since it can avoid implications of low back pain and high cost to the health care, high recurrence, long-term disability and socioeconomic impact. However, to start primary prevention programs, it is essential to identify predictive risk factors for the first episode of low back pain. The objective of this study was to conduct a literature review on risk factors already identified in longitudinal studies as associated with the occurrence of the first episode of low back pain. An electronic search was conducted in the databases: LILACS, SCIELO and MEDLINE. Of the 32 studies obtained, only four met the inclusion criteria and, from these, it was possible to identify physical, occupational, and psychosocial risk factors. In these studies, female, stand or walk for more than two hours daily and lifting or moving objects over 25 pounds (about 11.34 kg) were risk factors for the first episode of low back pain most frequently identified.