Os efeitos da síndrome da imobilidade no paciente sob ventilação mecânica

Abstract

Patients undergoing prolonged mechanical ventilation are often deconditioned and limited terms of kinetic-functional. Bed rest and immobility contributes to further complications [12,13]. The mobilization of critically ill patients is not feasible, but in all situations where mobilization is used as a treatment technique is important that the safety issue is addressed before treatment is instituted [10]. The objective of this study was to address the importance of immobility in patients on mechanical ventilation and their different approaches to physiotherapy for a broader view and safe in the care of these patients. For this study, we selected 23 articles, by searching the Medline, Scielo, Lilacs and Pubmed search with determination between 2000 and 2010 to identify all studies that evaluated the effects of immobility syndrome in patient mechanical ventilation. Inclusion criteria were articles selected randomized, prospective and retrospective studies, published in English and Portuguese, studies of young people, adults and/or prolonged mechanical ventilation in the elderly, studies in children were excluded. Results: In the study by Hopkins et al 2007, the authors found a decrease in mean length of hospital stay for patients with respiratory failure since the implementation of the model of care for early activity, and also observed a decrease of 29% to 5% the tracheostomy and a drop of 12% to 3% in the weaning process failures [5]. Thomsen et al 2008, assessing ambulation of critically ill patients, the early activity in ICU, shown to be feasible and safe [23]. Conclusion: The early mobilization in patients on mechanical ventilation in the ICU showed that this intervention can be safe and associated with better functional outcomes in these patients, but the barriers to early mobilization of patients in the ICU are multifactorial, and a multidisciplinary approach on the mobilization early is needed as part of the daily routines of ICU’s [10,17].