Racismo e laço social: os impactos de discursos racistas no (não) atendimento de adolescentes e jovens negros nas políticas públicas de Belo Horizonte

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of racist discourses and practices on the assistance and non-assistance of black adolescents and young people by public policies in the city of Belo Horizonte. The hypothesis of this study is that the organization of public policies is anchored in racism and therefore disregards the racial crossings that affect black adolescents and young people, highlighting the violence and ruptures in the social bond to which they are subjected. In view of this, we start from the concept of necropolitics to describe how public policies for childhood and adolescence were constituted throughout the history of Brazil, pointing to the way in which these policies do not consider racial aspects in their functioning and structure. From the understanding of the particularities of black adolescents and young people in the Brazilian context, we sought to racialize these subjects based on the interdisciplinary conceptual survey of adolescence and young people and the exposure and analysis of quantitative data on the care or lack of care for these teenagers and young people in public policies in Belo Horizonte. Based on the objectives of this research and the age group we intended to listen to, this study was inserted as part of a broader project entitled “Rights of children and adolescents: diagnosis in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais”. In this sense, the methodological path was built based on what we call inventive groups. A hybrid and interdisciplinary methodology, inspired by psychoanalytic conversations. During the research, 270 adolescents were interviewed, in 41 groups distributed throughout the regions of Belo Horizonte. Using three discursive fragments, we sought to analyze how racism changes the way black teenagers and young people bond and what their solutions and inventions are in the face of racist violence. Finally, some contributions from psychoanalysis to an anti-racist practice in the care of adolescents and young people in public policies in Belo Horizonte are listed.