Estratégias para melhorar o controle das doenças crônicas diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial sistêmica

Abstract

Hypertension – Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) – and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are the main population risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Acute myocardial infarction, stroke, kidney failure and acute pulmonary edema are some examples of diseases, major causes of morbidity and mortality. They generate high economic costs and are closely related to blood pressure and blood glucose upsets in these patients whoattend every day the Basic Health Unit (BHU) in Brazil. Adequate control of these comorbidities should be priority for the Family Health teams. Despite the comprehensive approach to the subject, studies produced, guidelines, in many BHU, the Family Health teams were unable to carry out the control of these important risk factors in the enrolled population. BHU Cristais in Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, is a picture of what happens in other parts of the country. This paper proposes an intervention plan to be implemented by the staff and patients in order to improve the control of chronic hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Follows the Situational Strategic Planning (PES), which are defined as critical nodes (1) the low investment of the Family Health Team in addressing chronic diseases, especially hypertension and type 2 diabetes; (2) the absence of a plan of care for differential monitoring of people with chronic diseases, especially hypertension and type 2 diabetes; (3) the absence of activities – promotion and prevention – with the community, focusing hypertension, diabetes, and healthy lifestyles and overcoming risk factors. For each of them is presented a project, defining actions, expected results, responsible, and evaluation and monitoring process. It was also carried out literature search in LILACS, Cochrane, SciELO, and Ministry of Health publications, with the related keywords.