Princípios de uma oclusão ideal

Abstract

The loss and wear of the teeth are the main causes for the formation of a pathological occlusion. The effects of tooth loss are undesirable and result in alterations in the balance of the entire stomatognathic system. Once the equilibrium conditions cease to exist a pathological picture sets in. Migration of teeth, alteration of the occlusal plane, alteration of the vertical dimension of occlusion, changes in the forces exerted on the teeth, instability of dental contacts and complications in temporo mandibular joint are just some of the numerous problems caused by the lack of replacement of missing teeth. The oral rehabilitation is able to return to the patient the masticatory function, adequate vertical dimension and aesthetic dental. However, occlusion reconstructions are usually extensive and should take into account the principles for incorporating an ideal and stable occlusion. Ideal and stable occlusion is understood as where the resulting transmission of occlusal forces is directed towards the long axis of the posterior teeth with bilateral and simultaneous posterior dental contacts; vertical dimension of adequate occlusion; laterality movements are promoted by the canines, immediate anterior guidance, mutually protected occlusion and centric relation coinciding with maximal habitual intercuspation. Therefore, the present study aims to show the importance of a stable occlusion and the criteria for reaching it in cases of oral rehabilitation.