Metodologia para projeto da habitação de interesse social com a participação da comunidade e termicamente eficiente

Abstract

The Brazilian political, social and economic formation supports a quantitative model of housing production, which transformed Social Interest Housing (HIS) into a problem, which has always been accompanied by the prospect of a solution over the years. Thus, the problem to be addressed by the thesis arises from the inadequacy of the Social Interest Housing (HIS) model in Brazil, which is based mainly on: the predetermination of lifestyles and the lack of popular participation in design decisions, the use of standardized solutions, the disregard of parameters applied for good energy performance of projects, the difficulty of residents remaining in remote locations where buildings are located, the supremacy of the capitalist vision to the detriment of the social function of the city, the complexity of government programs and the lack of incentive for innovation in construction technologies. The general objective of this thesis is to develop a methodology capable of incorporating community participation and thermal energy analysis of the designed housing units (HU) into the HIS project, seeking a project that is more suited to the needs of users and convergent with Performance Standard 15.575/2021, in addition to indicating the additional cost and time of these two contributions to the physical and financial schedule of the project. Despite the focus, the research does not deviate from the real possibilities defined by public policies and their financing agents. The methodology integrates different approaches, methods, techniques and procedures and works with a case study. The methodological steps involve: the co-design workshop, where the community uses physical models to make their choices and present the necessary HIS; the selection of reference projects for the elaboration of a pilot project; the simulation of the pilot project in Energy Plus software to determine its thermal energy performance and the collection of cost and time data added to the design process, with a view to incorporating community participation and energy simulation. The results indicate that the methodology can facilitate community access to design decisions and that thermo-energy simulation can provide better habitability conditions for the UHs.