Adaptações musculares em resposta ao treino de fortalecimento excêntrico

Abstract

Muscle properties, like flexibility, muscle length, passive stiffness and muscle architecture, show relationship with muscle injuries, postural misalignments and movement disorders. The eccentric exercise, traditionally used only for strength gain, have been appointed as an intervention able to promote changes in the previously mentioned properties. The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review about muscle adaptations in response to eccentric strength training. The survey was conducted between December 2015 and May 2016 in the following databases: PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), PubMed, Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences). Fourteen studies with humans that investigated the effect of eccentric exercise in different muscle properties were selected. The results of this review showed evidences that eccentric strength training promoted an increasing of range of motion (ROM) and muscle length after six and seven weeks of training, respectively. The effect of this kind of training in properties like passive stiffness, pennation angle and angle of peak torque were not conclusive. More studies that evaluate the active and passive length-tension relationship should be conducted.