Fecundidade, equidade de gênero e preferência por sexo do filho.

Abstract

Fertility is a highly debated topic in academic circles, yet its future is uncertain. In this regard, Goldscheider, Bernhardt, and Lappegård (2015) argue that gender equity is a key factor in increasing fertility according to the Gender Revolution theory. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether there is an association between fertility and gender equity in both public and private spheres across various countries, including the United States, addressing the issue of time allocation variation based on the sex of children in the United States. To do so, regression methods were used to assess the associations between fertility, time allocation, gender equity, preferences for the sex of children, and other sociodemographic variables. Thus, this study found evidence supporting the idea of the incomplete Gender Revolution, presenting mixed results regarding gender equity and fertility. Additionally, evidence was found of preferences for one child of each sex in fathers' time allocation in the United States from 2003 to 2019. Specifically, when there is only one child, men appear to prefer sons, allocating more time to their care, as also found by Dahl (2008).