Comunicação em pronto-socorro: estratégias para superação de barreiras sob a perspectiva da equipe interprofissional

Abstract

Communication in healthcare services is complex at all levels of care, especially in emergency and urgent care settings, due to the need for rapid response and a high level of attention, interaction, and communication among professionals. Various factors can either facilitate or hinder communication and, consequently, patient care. Thus, this study focuses on strategies to overcome communication barriers in an emergency department. Guiding Question: From the perspective of the interprofessional team, what strategies should be implemented to overcome barriers and improve communication among professionals in an emergency department? Justification: The literature highlights studies focused on a single professional category or specific settings. Moreover, although research has explored both positive aspects and issues related to communication in healthcare, few have identified potential solutions to address the problem. Therefore, it is important to explore the perceptions of professionals from different categories within an emergency department regarding strategies to overcome communication barriers. Objective: To analyze strategies for overcoming barriers to effective communication among professionals in an emergency department, from the perspective of an interprofessional team. Methods: This qualitative, descriptive, and interpretative single-case study was conducted with 15 healthcare professionals in a high-complexity reference hospital’s emergency department. Data were collected from September to November 2024 through interviews, analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis, and observations. Results and Discussion: The study identified the following categories: (1) "Interprofessional and Interpersonal Relationships in the Emergency Department"; (2) "Barriers to Effective Communication Among Professionals," which includes two subcategories: "Routine in a Complex Environment" and "Inefficient Use of Technology"; and (3) "Strategies to Overcome Communication Barriers," highlighting professionals' perspectives on overcoming communication challenges in the emergency department, particularly through training sessions and protocol development. Final Considerations: Communication in the emergency department is particularly challenging due to environmental barriers. The proposed strategies are feasible and could drive meaningful changes. While some are already in place, further development and greater adherence are needed to ensure effectiveness.