Fatores de saúde que influenciam a autoestima : um estudo correlacional

Abstract

Self-esteem is a relevant and comprehensive construct, which ranges from social aspects to mental health, being crucial for the identification and prevention of psychological problems. Regardless of its relevance, there is a gap in national literature concerning the presence of recent studies involving self-esteem, notably relating it to other aspects that directly impact the individual's life. For this reason, this study aims to verify self-esteem’s relationship with the following variables: body satisfaction, personality, mental health and affections in groups of different ages. To this end, two studies were carried out, the first, characterized by a review, which aimed to analyze national scientific research related to self-esteem. In turn, the second is characterized as a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 218 people, considering females, males and others, of different age groups, aged from 19 to 89 years old. The instruments were answered online, namely: sociodemographic data questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Body Shape Questionnaire, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Personality Factor Battery, Mental Health Index Scale. As a result, there was a significant difference in overall self-esteem between ages, however, this difference was not found between genders. In addition, self-esteem had a moderate and positive correlation with positive affects, moderate and negative correlation with body dissatisfaction, moderate and positive correlation with the Achievement factor, strong and negative correlation with the Neuroticism factor, and a moderate and positive correlation with Mental Health. Thus, with the deepening brought by this research, it was possible to have a greater understanding of the behavior of the variables studied in the functioning of individuals, and with this it is expected to be able to contribute to strategies to promote quality of life.