Avaliação técnica e econômica da soldagem mecanizada em dutos terrestres de 24 polegadas

Abstract

This study compares onshore pipeline welding processes using semi-automatic FCAW-S and mechanized FCAW-G. For the comparative analysis of the technical performance of both processes, mechanical tests were carried out, including tensile testing, bend testing, Charpy impact testing, nick break testing, macrographic examination, and Vickers hardness testing. Although the results obtained from the mechanical tests were satisfactory for both processes, the mechanized FCAW-G process produced more homogeneous and high-precision welds. In addition, it demonstrated superior performance in terms of productivity, with significantly reduced execution times when compared to the semi-automatic process. Mechanization improves working conditions by reducing exposure to risk, as it eliminates the need for manual welding, which can decrease operator fatigue and enhance safety. Despite the higher initial investment due to the acquisition of the welding oscillator carriage, mechanized welding presents a more competitive total cost over the duration of the project. This is attributed to the reduction in labor requirements, since the process requires only one welding operator instead of two welders. Furthermore, the significant increase in productivity accelerates weld execution and, consequently, project delivery. Another important factor is the greater welding precision, which drastically reduces the occurrence of defects, rework, and time losses due to repairs, ensuring higher efficiency and quality in the final result. Therefore, mechanized FCAW-G stands out as a more efficient and viable solution, promoting gains in quality, standardization, and sustainability.