Hibridização de fontes de energia renováveis - estudo de caso de usina hidrelétrica reversível com usina fotovoltaica flutuante

Abstract

The process of electrical transition that has been currently occurring and the growing participation of the renewable sources of intermittent production, in other words, not controllable and of limited dispatchability. The highlighted the necessity to optimize the operation as a form to balance the production and consumption, with the benefits of quality and reliability of the electrical systems. The generation of hydroelectric power is the main source of electricity in Brazil, due to its topographic characteristics and the existence of large hydrographic basins. The water stored in the reservoir of a large hydroelectric is utilized to ensure the electric generation of the whole river’s waterfall. In the moments of hydric crises, the stored volume to guarantee the electrical generation, has as well the priority of supplying water for human and animal activity, as a way to minimize the risks of compromising the generation environment. As it is shown, there is a necessity to adapt the Operation National System (ONS) for larger participation of these new sources of energy and an adaptation of its particularities due to sources’ dispatchability, being this the aim of this study. In this analysis, the hybridization of generation sources such as the reversible hydraulic power plant - UHR and floating photovoltaic - UFF will be evaluated, which are presented as a viable option to optimize the generation dispatch and the connection system. The main adaptations and challenges in the transformation of a Hydroelectric Power Plant - traditional UHE to a UHR with the implementation of a pumping system will be considered. In addition to the impacts/restrictions for the implementation of a pumping system and the use of the reservoir for the implementation of the UFF. In the case study, the technical and economic feasibility will be evaluated with the implementation of a Floating Photovoltaic Plant in the auxiliary reservoir of the REPI PCH feeding the pumping system installed in the plant's tailrace, to allow dispatch at peak hours of the electrical system.