Doença periimplantar: prevalência e associações de risco

Abstract

The present cross-sectional study aimed to identify the prevalence and the possible risk variables associated with the occurrence of peri-implant disease in 125 partially edentulous subjects treated with osseointegrated implants. The following peri-implant clinial parameters were assessed: bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), suppuration (Si), and bone loss (BL). The peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis prevalence were 72.8% and 8%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that variables such as smoking and presence of ceratinized mucosa were not significantly associated to the peri-implant clinical parametes. Subjets with periodontitis hadd higher percentage of peri-implant BOP surfaces, higher values of PD and higher rates of suppuration (p < 0,05). Nevertheless, the presence of periodontitis was not significantly associated to the occurrence of peri-implant diseade (p = 0.284). Peri-implant clinical parameters, such as presence of BOP, PD, Si and BL, were significantly associated among themselves (p < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that variables such as number of implants and periodontal bleeding were associated to a higher risk for the development of peri-implant mucositis (OR = 1.5 and 8.7, respectively). In the peri-implantitis modeling, periodontal teeth loss (OR = 11.0) and peri-implant plaque scores (OR = 14.0) were associated with higher risk for the presence of the disease. The results of the present study showed that the periodontal status could affect the maintenance of peri-implant health. Further prospective studies regarding the risk factors associated to the occurrence of peri-implant disease are necessary.