(Re)Imagining sustainable futures - A discussion between Degrowth and Buen Vivir

Abstract

This thesis is a discussion about two emerging alternatives to development, Degrowth and Buen Vivir. The work departs from the assumptions that the present multiple crisis we are facing today is a result of our unsustainable model of civilization. This crisis is systemic, linking economic, social, political and ecological issues. As the mainstream discourse and practices regarding sustainability have proven contractionary and inadequate, Buen Vivir and Degrowth propose more radical approaches towards sustainability. Both suggest profound changes in our institutions and social structures with the aim of achieving an ecologically sustainable and socially just society. This thesis offers a theoretical discussion about the institutions and practices of development and their unsustainability. This critique of development leads to the exploration of Degrowth and Buen Vivir and the solutions they suggest. The focus of these discussions, which address a variety of interdisciplinary issue, is on the economic aspects of these proposals. These discussions include elaborations on the reform of the monetary and financial systems, the idea of an universal basic income, organizing economic activity through cooperatives, and elements of a sharing economy. Additionally, this work provides an empirical chapter in the form of four illustrations of initiatives (case studies based on interviews) from Europe and South America working towards a Degrowth and/or Buen Vivir social practice. In combination with the discussion of the literature, these illustrations highlight some of the challenges for broad a socioecological transition towards sustainability. Particularly, the need for reconnection with community, for (re)localization of economic activity, and for creating alliances for a sustainable future.