Avaliação comportamental e programa de treinamento de pais de indivíduos com síndrome de Williams

Abstract

Williams Syndrome (SW) presents a phenotype characterized by facial dimorphism, mild to moderate intellectual disability, cardiovascular disease and a profile of friendly, talkative and gregarious personality. As part of alterations resulted by the deletion of about 25 genes in the chromosome 7q11.21, behavioral and emotional disorders have been reported in individuals with SW. The main goal of the present study was characterize the more frequent behavioral disorders in a sample of individuals with SW, and verify the efficacy of parents training(TP) interventions. Two studies were conducted. The first study investigated the more frequent behavioral problems in a sample of 23 individuals aged six to 34 years. Data was collected using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 6/18 years) and the analysis of parents’ report in the anamnesis. The result showed thought problems, anxious, attention problems and social problems as the most frequent scores in CBCL (6/18 years) in the sample. This result is similar to other in the literature. Besides the assessment, an exploratory study of intervention was conducted, with case series of parents who participated of the TP for individuals with SW. Participants of this study were divided into two groups. One group of seven individuals with SW parents who participated of the TP, and a comparative group composed by parents of individuals with intellectual disability who did not participate of the TP. Parents of individuals with SW participated of individual treatment. In the control group, parents answered the CBCL (6/18 years) in two moments, with an interval of eight weeks between each interview, without the TP treatment. The difference (score T) between pre and posttest in the total problems scale of CBCL (6/18 years) was analyzed and data was compared between groups. Furthermore, an analysis between judges investigating the effects of the intervention on the target behavior was conducted. And, finally, an analysis of a customer satisfaction questionnaire (SATIS-BR), answered by parents who participated of the TP, was made. Results suggest changes in the behavior in most participants, with reduction of symptoms in the CBCL, and satisfaction of all parents who participated of the intervention.