Recursos Naturais e Políticas Macroeconômicas

Abstract

The objective of this dissertation is to incorporate the stock of natural resources into the canonical IS-LM-BP model and analyze the impacts of this integration on macroeconomic policies. Through a modified IS-LM-BP model, the study introduces the stock of nature as an exogenous variable linked to income disposition. The concept of environmental intensity is established as the transmission mechanism inherent to economic activity, representing the amount of natural resources transformed into products per level of production. The theoretical framework is based on the IS-LM-BP and IS-LM-EE models, integrating the perspectives of Heyes (2000), Lawn (2003), and Daly (1991) on environmental degradation and biocentrism in Economics. These elements expand the traditional model by incorporating ecological components into economic supply and demand. Building on this foundation, this study proposes that macroeconomic policies should include ecological concepts to explain scenarios of economic growth. In this context, the key findings of the theoretical exercise highlights the environmental intensity as a determinant of aggregate demand elasticity and nature's recomposition as an autonomous component. These insights elucidate scenarios of environment-intensive growth and natural disasters as exogenous shocks to demand. The dissertation aims to address a gap in economic literature by considering the ecosystem as a macroeconomic entity interconnected with conventional markets. The research opens pathways for more conscious and environmentally sustainable policies, fostering discussions and future studies on the relationship between Macroeconomics and Ecology.