Fundamentos para esplintagem de dentes pilares com suporte periodontal reduzido

Abstract

Advanced bone loss is one sequelae of compromised dentition by advanced periodontal disease, also leading to extensive tooth loss, severe mobility of remaining teeth, chewing discomfort and undesirable aesthetics. In addition to periodontal therapy focused on the cause of the disease, it is also necessary to stabilize the forces generated during the chewing act, restore the dental absences and immobilize the remaining teeth that have this condition of increased mobility. In many cases, it isimpossible to install the implants that, somehow, would help the distribution of pillars improving the biomechanical factors. However, the prosthetic rehabilitation of periodontally compromised patients, ultimately, shouldnt be discarded since the remaining pillars are distributed satisfactorily. It is known that, if restored so groundedin the biomechanical principles, the teeth with reduced periodontal support, but healthy, respond favorably to-fixed prostheses, preferably cross-arch fixed dentures. Through a literature from the databases MEDLINE, LILACS and BBO as well as in textbooks of relevance aimed to justify the rationale of the dental splint for teeth with reduced periodontal support, which will serve as pillars of fixed prosthesis. The keywords used were: tooth mobility; advanced periodontal disease, periodontally compromised dentition; pyorrhea alveolaris; lesion of occlusal trauma, splinting, crown-to-root-ratio; biomechanics, fixed prosthodontics, fixed splinting. Given the results, one can conclude that the splint therapy is based, feasible, necessary and is a means for diagnosis pillarsdoubtful. The mobility of remaining teeth do not contraindicate the pillars of fixed prosthesis and, above all, planning and care program for the maintenance of periodontal health converge to a prognosis as favorable as possible.