Bloqueio do plexo cervical superficial em abcessos submandibulares e cirurgias maxilofaciais: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Superficial cervical plexus block (PCS) is used for many purposes for diseases or chronic pain involving the head and neck, such as post-operatively after very invasive surgical procedures, drainage of odontogenic abscesses in the submandibular and submentual region, clavicle surgeries. , thyroid, vascular surgeries and undiagnosed acute and chronic pain in the cervical region. The PCS originates from the anterior branches of the spinal nerves (C1 to C4) giving rise to four different terminal branches – suprascapular, lesser occipital, greater auricular/magnum and transverse cervical. This entire sensory nerve plexus is capable of innervating the skin and superficial structures of the anterolateral neck and ear sections. From an anatomical point of view, the PCS can be divided into three levels: deep, intermediate and superficial. Therefore, this review aims to provide a new tool when there is an intention to perform drainage in the submandibular or submentual region, whether unilateral or bilateral, providing better comfort for the patient. As well as post-operative orthognathic surgeries, surgeries following the installation of plates and recurrent screws of facial trauma, pain in the cervical region and temporomandibular dysfunction where the block can be used to benefit the patient.