Qualidade de vida no trabalho e absenteísmo: desafios para inclusãode servidores com deficiência de uma instituição federal de ensino superior

Abstract

This study aimed to verify if there is a relationship between quality of work life (QWL) and absenteeism among employees with disabilities at a Federal Institution of Higher Education (IFES). To this end, a cross-sectional and exploratory observational study was used. Thirty-eight employees with disabilities from the permanent staff, in the careers of Technical-Administrative Staff in Education (TAE) and faculty, participated in the study, without restriction of sex, age, type of disability, or form of entry (quota or open competition). A questionnaire was developed to collect sociodemographic and work data, in addition to the use of the QWLQ-bref instrument for QWL assessment, both applied remotely through the Google Forms platform. Data on absenteeism were provided by the institution's human resources department. Descriptive analysis was used to characterize the sociodemographic and work-related characteristics of the sample, the levels of total and domain-specific Quality of Work Life (QWL) (physical/health, psychological, personal, and professional), and to characterize absenteeism levels (days off due to health reasons, days off due to family illness, days off due to maternity/paternity leave, unjustified absences, absolute and net absenteeism). Spearman correlations were applied to examine the relationship between QWL and absenteeism, as well as their respective associations with sociodemographic and work-related variables. The Spearman correlation test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for mean comparisons due to the small number of participants, considering p<0.05. Analyses were performed using the R software, with the “jmv” package. The results demonstrate that employees with disabilities rate their overall QWL (Quality of Working Life) and its specific domains as satisfactory at the institution studied. The domain with the greatest dissatisfaction among respondents was the professional domain, and the net absenteeism rate of the studied group was 5,03%, being above the 4% adopted for this study. There was no significant association between absenteeism and QWL (Quality of Working Life), but significant negative correlations were found between unjustified absences and the Psychological and Personal domains, as well as significant positive associations between length of employment with the institution, unjustified absences, and sick leave. Therefore, the data from this study suggest that the institution plays an important role in maintaining the quality of working life of the people interviewed. Thus, the data from this study suggest that the institution plays an important role in maintaining the quality of working life of the people interviewed