Prevalência e fatores associados ao insucesso da cateterização intravenosa periférica em crianças

Abstract

Introduction: Peripheral intravenous catheterization is a widely used procedure in pediatric hospitalizations for the administration of intravenous medications and fluids; however, it has high failure rates. Multiple attempts at peripheral venous catheterization are associated with increased costs, complications, treatment delays, and negative impacts on the psychological well-being of patients and their families. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of peripheral intravenous catheterization failure in pediatric patients and identify the risk factors associated with failure on the first attempt. Method: A cross-sectional study using data from a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in a pediatric hospital, involving 310 children aged between 29 days and 12 years. Results: The prevalence of failure on the first attempt of peripheral intravenous catheterization was found to be 29.6%. Although no statistically significant association was observed between catheterization failure and demographic or clinical variables in pediatrics, certain behaviors during the procedure, such as protest and intense movement, were significant predictors of failure. Conclusion: The findings highlight the complexity of peripheral intravenous catheterization in children. Additionally, behaviors related to anxiety during the procedure were significant predictors of catheterization failure. These results underscore the importance of more humanized approaches and the use of distraction strategies to mitigate adverse behaviors during the procedure.