Testemunhos de guerra em Ruanda e na África do Sul: narrativas jornalístico-literárias e visibilidade

Abstract

By believing that it is possible to survive by words amidst the rubble of a life torn apart by war this thesis outlined. The overall goal of this study is to investigate how the genocide victims testimonies in Rwanda and War of Hostels in South Africa in pre-end of apartheid, made them escape from the double invisibility to which they were submitted: the margins of History of Western European World, because hidden in the African continent, and on the verge of their own lives, as traversed by a history of extreme pain. For this purpose, are discussed two journalistic- literary narratives testimonials written by journalists: 'Gostaríamos de informá-lo de que amanhã seremos mortos com nossas famílias', by Philip Gourevitch, and 'O clube do bangue-bangue': instantâneos de uma guerra oculta, by Greg Marinovich and João Silva. Although they have been constructed from indirect testimonial, in which the experiences of violence are mediated by the voice of the narrators, contends that these victims were recognized in the accounts now analyzed as subjects. Their voices silenced by the trauma and the official account were heard by journalists, making possible survival and permanence in the history.